Finance and Insurance ·NAICS 523

2026 data Public-data reference. IRS SOI · Census CBP · 2023 Strong margin

Finance and Insurance — Industry Benchmarks

Profit margins, payroll, employment, and SBA lending for Finance and Insurance (NAICS 523). Cross-checked against IRS SOI 2023 and Census County Business Patterns. Refreshed as new data lands.

Finance and Insurance (NAICS 523) operates at a 13.2% net profit margin, above average for US industries. The industry generates $327.5B in total annual receipts across all business entities filing federal tax returns. Census Bureau data identifies 113,885 business establishments employing 1,042,226 workers nationwide.

The average employee earns $260,466/yr in annual compensation, while the typical business in this industry generates $5.9B in revenue. Businesses average 9.2 employees per establishment. New York leads in employment concentration for this industry.

Benchmarking Insights for Finance and Insurance

When you read the 13.2% net profit margin for Finance and Insurance, the number only becomes actionable when paired with scale. This industry sits inside the broader Finance and Insurance sector and reports $327.5B of aggregate annual receipts across 55,808 federal tax returns. Owners comparing their own books should read the margin as a midpoint — smaller operators typically run several points below the aggregate because fixed overhead (rent, software, insurance) consumes a larger share of lower revenue bases, while the typical establishment here generates $5.9B per year. Treat the industry figure as a ceiling calibrated by businesses that have already achieved operating leverage.

Labor economics tell the second half of the story. Census CBP shows 113,885 active establishments employing 1,042,226 workers, averaging 9.2 employees per location and paying $260,466/yr per employee annually. New York leads the geographic distribution of employment, with California and Pennsylvania rounding out the top three concentrations. Headcount density matters because thin-margin industries only clear the cash-flow bar when establishments reach the staffing level where fixed costs amortize — a useful cross-check against the margin line above.

Capital access is the third lens. SBA 7(a) and 504 approvals for this industry totaled 1,779 loans worth $1.1 billion between FY2020 and FY2025, supporting 7,456 jobs at origination. The average ticket size — $629K — signals the typical capital gap operators bridge when expanding. Live Oak Banking Company ranks as the most active SBA lender serving this NAICS code. Use this alongside the IRS and Census figures to decide whether your own plan should target operational efficiency, workforce expansion, or financed growth.

Profit Margin

13.2%

Net income ÷ total receipts (IRS SOI)

Total Receipts

$327.5B

Annual revenue (IRS SOI)

Net Income

$43.1B

Pre-tax net income

Employment

1,042,226

Total employees (Census CBP)

Avg Payroll / Employee

$260,466/yr

Annual compensation

Establishments

113,885

Business locations

Where each dollar of revenue goes

Decomposition of every dollar of Finance and Insurance receipts using IRS SOI 2023 aggregate ratios.

Workforce scale

Establishment-size distribution and per-establishment headcount based on Census Statistics of US Businesses (SUSB) typical strata.

Margin position vs national reference points

Finance and Insurance net margin 43.9%
US median (10%)

Plotted against a 0–30% scale. The US business p25 / median / p75 reference points are 5% / 10% / 18% respectively (IRS SOI aggregate).

Business Structure Breakdown

How businesses in this industry are legally structured (IRS SOI)

C Corporation
55,808 returns 100%

Margin: 13.2% · Receipts: $327.5B

Financial Detail

Total Tax Returns Filed
55,808
Total Deductions
N/A
Avg Receipts per Business
$5.9B
Annual Payroll (Total)
$271.5B
Avg Employees per Establishment
9.2

Sub-Industries

Industry Profit Margin
Finance and Insurance

NAICS 5231

8.2%
Finance and Insurance

NAICS 5232

2.0%
Finance and Insurance

NAICS 5239

18.5%

Top States by Employment

State Employment
New York 192,522
California 113,195
Pennsylvania 61,450
Illinois 61,151
Florida 59,979
Massachusetts 52,238
New Jersey 45,194
Minnesota 21,011
Ohio 20,939
Connecticut 19,847

Showing top 10 of 51 states

SBA Lending Activity

FY2020–2025

Small Business Administration 7(a) and 504 loan data for this industry. Source: SBA FOIA dataset.

SBA Loans Approved

1,779

FY2020–2025

Total Loan Volume

$1.1B

7(a) + 504 programs

Avg Loan Size

$629K

Per approved loan

Jobs Supported

7,456

Reported at origination

Program Breakdown

7(a) Loans 1,519 loans (85%)
504 Loans 260 loans (15%)

Top SBA Lender

Live Oak Banking Company

298 loans in this industry

New Business Share

15.9% of borrowers were new/startup businesses

Annual Lending Trend

FY2020
342 loans
FY2021
355 loans
FY2022
250 loans
FY2023
234 loans
FY2024
255 loans
FY2025
304 loans
FY2026
39 loans

SBA fiscal year runs Oct–Sep. FY2025 = partial year through Sep 2025.

Source: SBA 7(a) and 504 FOIA dataset · FY2020–FY2025 · View SBA lending rankings →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the average revenue for Finance and Insurance?
The Finance and Insurance industry (NAICS 523) reports total annual receipts of $327.5B across all business entities, based on IRS Statistics of Income data. The average revenue per business is $5.9B.
How profitable is Finance and Insurance?
Finance and Insurance has a net profit margin of 13.2%, which is above average for US industries. This is calculated as net income divided by total receipts from IRS SOI business tax statistics.
How many businesses are in Finance and Insurance?
There are 113,885 business establishments in Finance and Insurance (NAICS 523) according to Census Bureau County Business Patterns 2023 data. These establishments collectively employ 1,042,226 workers.
What is the average payroll per employee in Finance and Insurance?
The average annual payroll per employee in Finance and Insurance is $260,466/yr, based on Census Bureau County Business Patterns data. Businesses in this industry average 9.2 employees per establishment. This figure includes wages, salaries, and benefits reported by employers.
Which states have the most Finance and Insurance employment?
New York leads in Finance and Insurance employment with 192,522 workers. California (113,195) and Pennsylvania (61,450) round out the top three. These figures come from the Census Bureau County Business Patterns 2023 survey.
How much SBA lending does Finance and Insurance receive?
Finance and Insurance businesses received 1,779 SBA loans totaling $1.1 billion between FY2020 and FY2025. The average loan size was $629K. These loans supported 7,456 jobs at origination. Most lending (85%) came through the SBA 7(a) program.
Disclaimer: PlainBizBench provides publicly available IRS and Census data for informational purposes only. This is not financial, tax, or business advice. Consult a qualified accountant or financial advisor for business-specific guidance.

Sources: IRS Statistics of Income (SOI) Business Tax Statistics · Census Bureau County Business Patterns 2023

NAICS 523 · Data year: 2023

Related

Data sourced from official public datasets. See our methodology for details. Retrieved and formatted by PlainBizBench Editorial

Source: U.S. Census Bureau — County Business Patterns / SUSB Industry employment scale, payroll, and firm-size benchmarks · 2025