Finance and Insurance ·NAICS 5231

2026 data Public-data reference. IRS SOI · Census CBP · 2023 Healthy margin

Finance and Insurance — Industry Benchmarks

Profit margins, payroll, employment, and SBA lending for Finance and Insurance (NAICS 5231). Cross-checked against IRS SOI 2023 and Census County Business Patterns. Refreshed as new data lands.

Finance and Insurance (NAICS 5231) operates at a 8.2% net profit margin, in line with the national median. The industry generates $76.5B in total annual receipts across all business entities filing federal tax returns.

Benchmarking Insights for Finance and Insurance

When you read the 8.2% net profit margin for Finance and Insurance, the number only becomes actionable when paired with scale. This industry sits inside the broader Finance and Insurance sector and reports $76.5B of aggregate annual receipts across 6,199 federal tax returns. Owners comparing their own books should read the margin as a midpoint — smaller operators typically run several points below the aggregate because fixed overhead (rent, software, insurance) consumes a larger share of lower revenue bases, while the typical establishment here generates $12.3B per year. Treat the industry figure as a ceiling calibrated by businesses that have already achieved operating leverage.

Labor economics tell the second half of the story. Census CBP shows 27,442 active establishments employing N/A workers. New York leads the geographic distribution of employment, with New Jersey and Pennsylvania rounding out the top three concentrations. Headcount density matters because thin-margin industries only clear the cash-flow bar when establishments reach the staffing level where fixed costs amortize — a useful cross-check against the margin line above.

Capital access is the third lens. SBA 7(a) and 504 approvals for this industry totaled 137 loans worth $108 million between FY2020 and FY2025, supporting 720 jobs at origination. The average ticket size — $789K — signals the typical capital gap operators bridge when expanding. Live Oak Banking Company ranks as the most active SBA lender serving this NAICS code. Use this alongside the IRS and Census figures to decide whether your own plan should target operational efficiency, workforce expansion, or financed growth.

Profit Margin

8.2%

Net income ÷ total receipts (IRS SOI)

Total Receipts

$76.5B

Annual revenue (IRS SOI)

Net Income

$6.3B

Pre-tax net income

Employment

N/A

Total employees (Census CBP)

Avg Payroll / Employee

N/A

Annual compensation

Establishments

27,442

Business locations

Where each dollar of revenue goes

Decomposition of every dollar of Finance and Insurance receipts using IRS SOI 2023 aggregate ratios.

Margin position vs national reference points

Finance and Insurance net margin 27.4%
US median (10%)

Plotted against a 0–30% scale. The US business p25 / median / p75 reference points are 5% / 10% / 18% respectively (IRS SOI aggregate).

Business Structure Breakdown

How businesses in this industry are legally structured (IRS SOI)

C Corporation
6,199 returns 100%

Margin: 8.2% · Receipts: $76.5B

Financial Detail

Total Tax Returns Filed
6,199
Total Deductions
N/A
Avg Receipts per Business
$12.3B
Annual Payroll (Total)
$109.3B
Avg Employees per Establishment
N/A

Sub-Industries

Industry Profit Margin
Finance and Insurance

NAICS 52311

N/A
Finance and Insurance

NAICS 52312

N/A
Finance and Insurance

NAICS 52313

N/A
Finance and Insurance

NAICS 52314

N/A

Top States by Employment

State Employment
New York 81,502
New Jersey 25,141
Pennsylvania 9,364
Utah 7,045
Ohio 6,539
Connecticut 5,940
Tennessee 4,850
Indiana 3,153
Iowa 2,637
Alabama 1,724

Showing top 10 of 51 states

SBA Lending Activity

FY2020–2025

Small Business Administration 7(a) and 504 loan data for this industry. Source: SBA FOIA dataset.

SBA Loans Approved

137

FY2020–2025

Total Loan Volume

$108M

7(a) + 504 programs

Avg Loan Size

$789K

Per approved loan

Jobs Supported

720

Reported at origination

Program Breakdown

7(a) Loans 117 loans (85%)
504 Loans 20 loans (15%)

Top SBA Lender

Live Oak Banking Company

31 loans in this industry

New Business Share

12.4% of borrowers were new/startup businesses

Annual Lending Trend

FY2020
37 loans
FY2021
36 loans
FY2022
17 loans
FY2023
19 loans
FY2024
15 loans
FY2025
11 loans
FY2026
2 loans

SBA fiscal year runs Oct–Sep. FY2025 = partial year through Sep 2025.

Source: SBA 7(a) and 504 FOIA dataset · FY2020–FY2025 · View SBA lending rankings →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the average revenue for Finance and Insurance?
The Finance and Insurance industry (NAICS 5231) reports total annual receipts of $76.5B across all business entities, based on IRS Statistics of Income data. The average revenue per business is $12.3B.
How profitable is Finance and Insurance?
Finance and Insurance has a net profit margin of 8.2%, which is in line with the national median. This is calculated as net income divided by total receipts from IRS SOI business tax statistics.
How many businesses are in Finance and Insurance?
There are 27,442 business establishments in Finance and Insurance (NAICS 5231) according to Census Bureau County Business Patterns 2023 data.
What is the average payroll per employee in Finance and Insurance?
Average payroll data for Finance and Insurance is not available in the current Census CBP dataset.
Which states have the most Finance and Insurance employment?
New York leads in Finance and Insurance employment with 81,502 workers. New Jersey (25,141) and Pennsylvania (9,364) round out the top three. These figures come from the Census Bureau County Business Patterns 2023 survey.
How much SBA lending does Finance and Insurance receive?
Finance and Insurance businesses received 137 SBA loans totaling $108 million between FY2020 and FY2025. The average loan size was $789K. These loans supported 720 jobs at origination. Most lending (85%) came through the SBA 7(a) program.
Disclaimer: PlainBizBench provides publicly available IRS and Census data for informational purposes only. This is not financial, tax, or business advice. Consult a qualified accountant or financial advisor for business-specific guidance.

Sources: IRS Statistics of Income (SOI) Business Tax Statistics · Census Bureau County Business Patterns 2023

NAICS 5231 · Data year: 2023

Related

Data sourced from official public datasets. See our methodology for details. Retrieved and formatted by PlainBizBench Editorial

Source: U.S. Census Bureau — County Business Patterns / SUSB Industry employment scale, payroll, and firm-size benchmarks · 2025