Retail Trade ·NAICS 444

2026 data Public-data reference. IRS SOI · Census CBP · 2023 Average margin

Retail Trade — Industry Benchmarks

Profit margins, payroll, employment, and SBA lending for Retail Trade (NAICS 444). Cross-checked against IRS SOI 2023 and Census County Business Patterns. Refreshed as new data lands.

Retail Trade (NAICS 444) operates at a 6.0% net profit margin, below the national median. The industry generates $263.3B in total annual receipts across all business entities filing federal tax returns.

Benchmarking Insights for Retail Trade

When you read the 6.0% net profit margin for Retail Trade, the number only becomes actionable when paired with scale. This industry sits inside the broader Retail Trade sector and reports $263.3B of aggregate annual receipts across 83,286 federal tax returns. Owners comparing their own books should read the margin as a midpoint — smaller operators typically run several points below the aggregate because fixed overhead (rent, software, insurance) consumes a larger share of lower revenue bases, while the typical establishment here generates $3.2B per year. Treat the industry figure as a ceiling calibrated by businesses that have already achieved operating leverage.

Labor economics tell the second half of the story. Census CBP shows 72,618 active establishments employing N/A workers. Ohio leads the geographic distribution of employment, with Illinois and Michigan rounding out the top three concentrations. Headcount density matters because thin-margin industries only clear the cash-flow bar when establishments reach the staffing level where fixed costs amortize — a useful cross-check against the margin line above.

Capital access is the third lens. SBA 7(a) and 504 approvals for this industry totaled 2,970 loans worth $2.2 billion between FY2020 and FY2025, supporting 30,441 jobs at origination. The average ticket size — $725K — signals the typical capital gap operators bridge when expanding. The Huntington National Bank ranks as the most active SBA lender serving this NAICS code. Use this alongside the IRS and Census figures to decide whether your own plan should target operational efficiency, workforce expansion, or financed growth.

Profit Margin

6.0%

Net income ÷ total receipts (IRS SOI)

Total Receipts

$263.3B

Annual revenue (IRS SOI)

Net Income

$15.7B

Pre-tax net income

Employment

N/A

Total employees (Census CBP)

Avg Payroll / Employee

N/A

Annual compensation

Establishments

72,618

Business locations

Where each dollar of revenue goes

Decomposition of every dollar of Retail Trade receipts using IRS SOI 2023 aggregate ratios.

Margin position vs national reference points

Retail Trade net margin 19.9%
US median (10%)

Plotted against a 0–30% scale. The US business p25 / median / p75 reference points are 5% / 10% / 18% respectively (IRS SOI aggregate).

Business Structure Breakdown

How businesses in this industry are legally structured (IRS SOI)

C Corporation
36,989 returns 44%

Margin: 5.9% · Receipts: $252.2B

Sole Proprietorship
46,297 returns 56%

Margin: 8.6% · Receipts: $11.1B

Financial Detail

Total Tax Returns Filed
83,286
Total Deductions
N/A
Avg Receipts per Business
$3.2B
Annual Payroll (Total)
$55.4B
Avg Employees per Establishment
N/A

Sub-Industries

Industry Profit Margin
Retail Trade

NAICS 4441

1.8%
Retail Trade

NAICS 4442

2.4%

Top States by Employment

State Employment
Ohio 53,689
Illinois 49,419
Michigan 46,335
Indiana 32,939
Missouri 32,112
Wisconsin 29,541
Minnesota 27,249
Kentucky 21,851
Oregon 19,755
Oklahoma 17,478

Showing top 10 of 51 states

SBA Lending Activity

FY2020–2025

Small Business Administration 7(a) and 504 loan data for this industry. Source: SBA FOIA dataset.

SBA Loans Approved

2,970

FY2020–2025

Total Loan Volume

$2.2B

7(a) + 504 programs

Avg Loan Size

$725K

Per approved loan

Jobs Supported

30,441

Reported at origination

Program Breakdown

7(a) Loans 2,507 loans (84%)
504 Loans 463 loans (16%)

Top SBA Lender

The Huntington National Bank

159 loans in this industry

New Business Share

24.2% of borrowers were new/startup businesses

Annual Lending Trend

FY2020
402 loans
FY2021
612 loans
FY2022
460 loans
FY2023
413 loans
FY2024
468 loans
FY2025
532 loans
FY2026
83 loans

SBA fiscal year runs Oct–Sep. FY2025 = partial year through Sep 2025.

Source: SBA 7(a) and 504 FOIA dataset · FY2020–FY2025 · View SBA lending rankings →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the average revenue for Retail Trade?
The Retail Trade industry (NAICS 444) reports total annual receipts of $263.3B across all business entities, based on IRS Statistics of Income data. The average revenue per business is $3.2B.
How profitable is Retail Trade?
Retail Trade has a net profit margin of 6.0%, which is below the national median. This is calculated as net income divided by total receipts from IRS SOI business tax statistics.
How many businesses are in Retail Trade?
There are 72,618 business establishments in Retail Trade (NAICS 444) according to Census Bureau County Business Patterns 2023 data.
What is the average payroll per employee in Retail Trade?
Average payroll data for Retail Trade is not available in the current Census CBP dataset.
Which states have the most Retail Trade employment?
Ohio leads in Retail Trade employment with 53,689 workers. Illinois (49,419) and Michigan (46,335) round out the top three. These figures come from the Census Bureau County Business Patterns 2023 survey.
How much SBA lending does Retail Trade receive?
Retail Trade businesses received 2,970 SBA loans totaling $2.2 billion between FY2020 and FY2025. The average loan size was $725K. These loans supported 30,441 jobs at origination. Most lending (84%) came through the SBA 7(a) program.
Disclaimer: PlainBizBench provides publicly available IRS and Census data for informational purposes only. This is not financial, tax, or business advice. Consult a qualified accountant or financial advisor for business-specific guidance.

Sources: IRS Statistics of Income (SOI) Business Tax Statistics · Census Bureau County Business Patterns 2023

NAICS 444 · Data year: 2023

Related

Data sourced from official public datasets. See our methodology for details. Retrieved and formatted by PlainBizBench Editorial

Source: U.S. Census Bureau — County Business Patterns / SUSB Industry employment scale, payroll, and firm-size benchmarks · 2025