Employment
36,740
Total employees (Census CBP)
Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction ·NAICS 21232
NAICS 21232 · IRS SOI 2023 · Census CBP
Sand, Gravel, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining and Quarrying - Industry Benchmarks
$80,554/yr average annual pay, with 113 SBA loans on record for NAICS 21232.
- 17.6%
- Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction sector margin
- 37K
- Workers employed
- $80,554/yr
- Avg payroll / employee
- $78M
- SBA lending, FY20–26
Data updated July 2026
The verdict · NAICS 21232
Texas leads Sand, Gravel, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining and Quarrying activity nationally. IRS SOI doesn't publish margin data at this NAICS level, but the broader Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction sector runs a 17.6% net margin.
- 17.6%
- Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction sector margin (IRS SOI)
- 37K
- Workers employed (Census CBP)
- $80,554/yr
- Avg payroll / employee
- $78M
- SBA lending, FY20–26
Benchmarking Insights for Sand, Gravel, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining and Quarrying
Sand, Gravel, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining and Quarrying sits inside Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction, a sector that runs a 17.6% net margin overall.
2,617 establishments employ 36,740 workers (14.0/location) at $80,554/yr average annual pay. Texas leads employment, followed by California and Wisconsin.
Avg Payroll / Employee
$80,554/yr
Annual compensation
Establishments
2,617
Business locations
Release-over-release change
What changed from Census CBP 2022 to 2023
Employment increased by 2,051; establishment count increased by 66. This comparison uses two published national Census County Business Patterns releases; suppressed fields are omitted rather than estimated.
Workforce scale
Financial Detail
- Annual Payroll (Total)
- $3.0B
- Avg Employees per Establishment
- 14.0
Sub-Industries
| Industry | Profit Margin |
|---|---|
| Clay and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining NAICS 212325 | N/A |
| Construction Sand and Gravel Mining NAICS 212321 | N/A |
| Industrial Sand Mining NAICS 212322 | N/A |
| Kaolin and Ball Clay Mining NAICS 212324 | N/A |
Top States by Employment
| State | Employment |
|---|---|
| Texas | 5,266 |
| California | 2,634 |
| Wisconsin | 1,557 |
| Ohio | 1,170 |
| Washington | 1,110 |
| Arizona | 1,047 |
| North Carolina | 903 |
| New York | 878 |
| Florida | 861 |
| Colorado | 738 |
Showing top 10 of 50 states
SBA Lending Activity
SBA FY2020–2026SBA Loans Approved
113
Total Loan Volume
$78M
Avg Loan Size
$687K
Jobs Supported
1,106
Program Breakdown
7(a) 102 (90%)
504 11 (10%)
Top SBA Lender
Northeast Bank
19 loans in this industry
New Business Share
22.1% of borrowers were new/startup businesses
Annual Lending Trend (7 yrs)
2020 16
2021 17
2022 18
2023 9
2024 18
2025 33
2026 2
Frequently Asked Questions
How profitable is Sand, Gravel, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining and Quarrying?
IRS SOI doesn't publish margin data at the NAICS 21232 level. Texas leads this industry nationally. The broader Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction sector runs a 17.6% net margin (IRS SOI 2023).
How many businesses are in Sand, Gravel, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining and Quarrying?
2,617 business establishments. Together they employ 36,740 workers.
What is the average payroll per employee in Sand, Gravel, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining and Quarrying?
$80,554/yr average annual pay per employee. Businesses average 14.0 employees per establishment.
Which states have the most Sand, Gravel, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining and Quarrying employment?
Texas leads with 5,266 workers. California (2,634) and Wisconsin (1,557) round out the top three.
How much SBA lending does Sand, Gravel, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining and Quarrying receive?
Sand, Gravel, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining and Quarrying businesses received 113 SBA loans totaling $78 million between FY2020 and FY2026. The average loan size was $687K. These loans supported 1,106 jobs at origination. Most lending (90%) came through the SBA 7(a) program.
Comparable industry benchmarks
These links are calculated from the current national dataset. They are comparison paths, not recommendations or evidence that businesses operate alike.
How this ranks: Its Census employment total exceeds 30% of that same 551-industry cohort. Calculated by ranking this industry's reported value against every other industry at the same NAICS digit-level, not the whole dataset: comparing a 6-digit detail industry to a 2-digit sector would mix incompatible scales.
Closest workforce scale
Same NAICS detail level, ordered by the smallest difference in reported Census employment.
Benchmarking Sand, Gravel, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining and Quarrying
- No margin data, check the parent industry. Browse Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction
- 2,617 establishments, 36,740 workers. Payroll benchmarks
- 113 SBA loans on record. SBA lending rankings
Disclaimer: Public IRS/Census data, not financial or tax advice. See our full disclaimer.
Sources: IRS Statistics of Income (SOI) Business Tax Statistics · Census Bureau County Business Patterns 2023
NAICS 21232 · Data year: 2023
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, which released its 2023 County Business Patterns dataset in June 2025, PlainBizBench benchmarks 2,002 U.S. industries against Internal Revenue Service Statistics of Income data. See our methodology for the full compilation process.
Read our methodology - how this data is sourced, computed, and verified.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns / SUSB Industry employment scale, payroll, and firm-size benchmarks · 2023
Every figure on PlainBizBench is rendered directly from federal source data, no number is typed in by an editor. This page aggregates profit-margin, payroll, entity-type, and SBA-lending benchmarks for this industry, live from the dataset. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or report a data error.
Disclaimer: Public IRS/Census data, not financial or tax advice. See our full disclaimer.